The segregation of the two regions started when the British obtained rule of the country in 1898 and ran it as a colony until 1956. The British ran the north and south in different ways, discouraged trade between the two, and the north could not hold power in the south or the south in the north. These seemingly minor separations drastically affected Sudan in the course of history. In 1946, due to northern pressure, the British reintegrated the north and south. The uniform language of administration in the north and south became Arab and the northerners started holding positions of influence in the south. Southern leaders, who had been trained in English, resented that they were not allowed to be a part of their own government. After decolonization, most of the power was given to the northern office holders and this caused resentment in the south. Britain also did not follow through on
their promise to the Southerners to create a federal government for Sudan. This caused anger in the south and led to a rebellion by southern army officers which started a civil war that lasted from 1955 to 1972.
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